CCHF is a zoonotic hemorrhagic fever caused by the tick-borne Nairovirus of the order Bunyavirales (formerly the Bunyaviridae family), which also includes Hantavirus and Rift Valley Fever. CCHF is endemic in most of Africa, South-Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and the Balkans and accounts for 10,000-15,000 infections each year. The virus can be found in about 30 different tick species but is primarily transmitted by the Hyalomma tick, which is both a reservoir and vector. CCHF has the largest geographic range among tick-borne viruses infecting humans.
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